Mechanism for manufacturing rivets.



Patented Oct. 2, I900.

P. R. DUNCAN. MECHANISM FOR MANUFACTURING RIVETS;

(Application filed 2 Sheets$heet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 658,836. Patented Oct. 2, I900.

' P. R. DUNCAN.

MECHANISM FOR MANUFACTURING RIVETS.

(Application filed May 11, 1900.) (No Model.)

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' NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PERRY R. DIINOAN, OF CLEVELAND, OI-IIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO DAN J.CAHILL, OF SAMEPLAOE.

MECHANISM FOR MANUFACTURING R IVETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 658,836, dated. October2, 1900. Application filed May 11, 1900. Serial ll'o- 16,327. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, PERRY R. DU NOAN,a resident of Cleveland, in thecounty of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Mechanism for Manufacturing Rivets; and I dohereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for heading rivets,bolts, and the like.

The object of my invention is to provide means, in combination with aheading-machine of the character hereinafter set forth, for producing arivet or bolt having a perfectly-formed head. a

Heretofore the principal difficulty met with in the manufacture ofrivets or bolts has been to produce a rivet or bolt having a perfect orsymmetrical head for the reason that during the operation of strikingthe head an excess of metal is caused to flow to one side, forming aprojecting flange around the bottom edge of the head at that side,commonly termed the flash. 133* long experience in the manufacture ofbolts I have discovered that the defect in the formation of the boltheadis owing to the peculiar compression and distortion of the end of thebolt-blank during the shearing operation. After repeated experiments Ihave also discovered that by feeding the bolt-bar to the shear at anobtuse angle to the moving die I am able to correct this defeet andobtain a rivet or bolt blank the end of which is adapted to form aperfect head.

My invention therefore consists in providing, in combination with amachine of the character set forth, means for guiding and controllingthe direction of the bar while being fed to the machine, so as to causeit to enter the shear at an obtuse angle to the movable die and maintainthe same position while the blank is being sheared therefrom.

My invention further consists of the peculiar constructionhereinafterdescribed in the specification, illustrated in the drawings, and pointedout in the claims.

The operation of machines of the class to which my invention pertains isgenerally as Fig. 1.

follows: The bar from which the rivets or bolts are to be cut is heatedand fed through the'bore of the shear-plate until it comes in contactwith the stock-gage, which determines the length of the bolt. Behind theshearplate are located a movable die and a stationary die. When themachine is operated, the movable die passes across the inner face of theshear-plate, carrying the bar against the edge of the shear and severingthe bolt-blank by the continued pressure on the end of the bar. acrossthe shear-plate, carryi mg the bolt-blank away from the shear-hole andclamping it firmly against the face of the stationary die. Thestock-gage is then raised, and a head is formed on the blank by means ofa headingdie driven by a reciprocating plunger.

Referring to the drawings, Figure I is a ,plan of a machine to which myimprovement is applicable. ILFig. I.

Fig. II is a section on lines II Fig. III is a section on lines III III,Fig. IV is a section on lines IV IV, Fig. l. Fig. V is a detailsectional view showing a bolt-blank being sheared from the bar. Fig. VIis a detail sectional view showing a bolt-blankin position to be headed.Fig. VII is a detail view in elevation showing my .device applied to amachine. Fig. VIII is a blank produced by the old process. Fig. IX showsa bolthead with flash as formed by old process. Fig. X showsa blankformed by the use of my improved device. Fig. XI shows the completedrivet as produced by my improved method. Fig. XII is a perspective viewof my improved device detached from machine.

Referring to the drawings, or represents the frame of the machine.

0. represents the main driving-shaft. This shaft carries two cranks aand (1, The crank 01. is operatively connected to the toggle-slide Z bymeans of a pitman a.

b represents the shear-plate. This plate has a circular opening or bore,the edge 1) of which is beveled to form the blade of the shear.-

Immediately behind the shear-plate are located two dies 0 and d. The die0 is rigidly secured in the frame. The die dis secured to a slidingblock 01, which is in turn con- The movable die continues to travelnected to a toggle-hlock (Z by means of a tog gle (P. The toggle-blockd" is adapted to slide vertically in the frame a. When the toggle-blockis at its lowest point, the die d is farthest removed from the die 0.When the machine is operated, the toggle-slide Z is driven under thetoggle-block d raising it, which in turn advances the die-block,carrying the die (Z across the inner face of the shear-plate and intocontact with the die 0.

6 represents the stock-gage, which is mounted so as to be moved out ofits position on the advance of the heading-die n,

driven by the plunger f, connected to the crank 61- by the pitman (t\Vhen the bar from which the blank is to be out is fed to the shear, thepressure of the moving die forces the end of the bar against theshear-blade, causing the bar to swing around and assume a position at anacute angle to the direction in which the die is moving. The continuedforward pressure of the moving die on one side of the bar and theresistance of the shear on the other side distort the end of the bar,effecting a compression on the side nearest the moving die and cansing adepression on the opposite side and drawing the edge thereof upward,forming a beak, as shown in Fig. VIII of the drawings. \Vhen theheading-die is forced down upon the bolt-blank, the beak travels to thecentral or deepest portion of the headingdie. The material contained inthe beak is caused to flow toward the side of the boltblauk, which isalready compressed to a certain extent, causing an excess of material atthat side, which produces the flash. By my invention I provide a devicelocated in proximity to the shear-plate and adapted to form a guide fordirecting the course of the bar, so that it will enter the shear at anobtuse angle to the direction in which the die is moving and alsoconstitute a stop to prevent the bar from swinging to an acute anglewith the moving die while being sheared. My preferred constructioncomprises a guideway h, adapted to enter the shear-hole in theshear-plate and project outwardly therefrom at an obtuse angle to thedirection in which the die moves while the bar is being sheared. Theinner end of the guideway is adapted to abut against the shear-blade ata point opposite the side against which the bar is forced while being.sheared. This guideway h consists of a horizontal bottom portion h and avertical side portion If. The side portion h is longer than the bottomportion, and the projecting end 72 thereof is reduced in size andbeveled, so as to fit into the hole in the shear-plate. This guideway isrigidly secured at its outer end to a support 7c, so as to form anobtuse angle therewith. This support comprises a plate which is adaptedto be rigidly secured to the frame of the machine. This plate isprovided with an opening to allow the passage of a bolt 71: for securingthe plate to the frame of the machine. The opening 70 is considerablylarger than the stem of the bolt 70 which allows the plate to have aslight vertical and horizontal adjustment on loosening the said bolt.Thumb-screws g, (1, and g are provided in the plate for adjusting thedistance of the end of the guiding device from the blade of the shear.

The operation of the machine with my improvement is as follows: Mydevice is first adjusted on the frame of the machine, so that the end ornose thereof extends into the shear-hole. The remainder of the guidewayextends outwardly at an obtuse angle to the direction in which the diemoves during the shearing operation. The end of the bar is placed in theguideway, and is thus directed through the shear-hole at an obtuse angleto the moving die. \Vben the moving die comes in contact with the innerend of the bar, the first effect would be to swing the bar around andcause it to assume an acute angle to the direction in which the dieismoving; but this is prevented by the side Not the guideway. The bar istherefore sheared while maintaining its position at an obtuse angle tothe moving die. The result is that the end of the bar, which becomes thehead end of the blank, is distorted in a much less degree, and the shapethereof is exactly opposite to that produced by a machine without myimprovement. The side nearest the moving die is compressed, and adepression is formed in the side touching the shear-blade. The endsurface is caused to slope downwardly to the side having the depression,as shown in Fig. X. When the heading-die is forced down upon the blank,the edge of the blank at the compressed side, being highest, travels tothe central or deepest portion of the headingdie. When the head isstruck, any excess of material at this side is caused to flow toward theside having the depression, and a perfect and symmetrical head is formedon the bolt.

I have illustrated and particularly described the form in which I thinkmy improvement can best be applied to machines of the character setforth, for when embodied in this form of construction it can be easilyapplied to old machines, readily adjusted thereon, and replaced withoutmuch expense when worn out or broken. However, it will readily be seenthat the particular form of construction may be varied without departingfrom the principle of my invention. The shearplate, for instance, may bemade thicker and the shear-hole bored therein at an obtuse angle to thedirection in which the movable die travels during the shearingoperation, or a bushing may be arranged in the shear-hole, so as tocause the bar on entering the hole to assume a position at an obtuseangle to the direction in which the movable die travels during theshearing operation.

What I claim is- 1. In a machine for heading bolts, rivets and the like,wherein the blank to be headed IIO is sheared from a continuous bar, ablank holding and gripping device consisting of a stationary die and amovable die, a shear located in front of said gripping device and insuch relation thereto that the blank will be sheared by the passage ofthe movable die across the inner face of the shear-carrying plate, and aguideway extending outwardly from the outer face of the saidshear-carrying plate at an obtuse angle to the direction in which themovable die travels during the shearing operation, said guidewaycomprising a horizontal bottom portion and a vertical side portion, thesaid side portion extending beyond the bottom portion at the inner endof said guideway forming a nose adapted to enter the shear-hole in theshear-plate, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a machine for heading bolts, rivets and the like, wherein theblank to be headed is sheared from a continuous bar, a blank holding andgrippingdevice consisting of a stationary die and a movable die, a shearlocated in front of said gripping device and in such relation theretothat the blank will be sheared by the passage of the movable die acrossthe inner face of the shear-carrying plate, a guideway, extendingoutwardly from the outer face of the said shear-carrying plate at anobtuse angle to the direction in which the movable die travels duringthe shearing operation, comprising a horizontal bottom portion and avertical side portion, said side portion extending beyond the bottomportion at the inner end of the guideway, a supporting-plate rigidlyconnected to said guideway at its outer end and means for adjustablysecuring the said plate to the frame of the said machine, substantiallyas described and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a machine for heading bolts, rivets, and the like, wherein theblank to be headed is sheared from a continuous bar, a blank holding andgripping device consisting of a stationary die and a movable die, ashear located in front of said gripping device, said shear consisting ofa plate having an opening formed therein of sufficient size to permitthe passage of the said bar therethrough, the plate around said openingbeing beveled outwardly to form the shear-blade, and a guideway locatedin proximity to and extending outwardly from the face of the said plateat an obtuse angle to the direction in which the movable die travelsduring the shearing operation, the said guideway having a beveled endadapted to abut against the bevel on the shearplate, substantially asdescribed and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a machine for heading bolts, rivets and the like, wherein theblank to be headed is sheared from a continuous bar, a blank holding andgripping device consisting of a stationary die and a movable die, ashear located in front of said gripping device, a faceplate located infront of said shear, said faceplate having an opening formed therein ofsufficient size to allow the bar to be sheared to pass therethrough, theedges of the plate around said opening being beveled toward the outerface of the plate, and a guideway located in front of said platehavingits inner end fitting into the opening in said plate and abuttingagainst the beveled edge around the said opening, the body of the saidguideway extending outwardly from the said face-plate at an obtuse angleto the direction in which the movable die travels during the shearingoperation, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

Signed by me, at Cleveland, Ohio, this 28th day of April, 1900.

PERRY R. DUNCAN.

Witnesses:

VICTOR C. LYNCH, A. H. PARRATT.

